Limitation Period
The limitation period for nearly all debt claims is six years from the date that the debt became outstanding.
The six-year clock will also restart from the date that the debt is acknowledged in writing (including by email) or a part payment is received against that debt.
This means that if any payment is received against the debt at any time, then the six-year clock starts from the date of the last payment.
Before you can bring a claim in court, you are required to follow the Debt Recovery Pre-Action Protocol. The protocol is aimed at encouraging negotiation and avoiding unnecessary court time and costs.
Failure to follow the protocol will not stop a claim being brought, but any non-compliance is likely to have an impact on your ability to recover your legal costs later.
Letter of Claim
A Letter of Claim needs to be sent to the debtor before you issue a claim. If they do not reply within 30 days, then you can start court proceedings. If the debtor is a limited company then they should reply within 7 days. However, if the debtor replies to say that they are taking advice, or want more information from you, or want time to reach agreement on instalments, you must give them reasonable time to do this.
If agreement is not reached, then you still must give at least 14 days’ notice of your intention to start court proceedings, unless the limitation period is about to expire.
Court Proceedings
Once a debt claim has been issued in court, the debtor will be served with the Claim Form.
Stage |
Timescale |
Service of the claim on the debtor
|
5 days
|
Deadline for the debtor to file an acknowledgment of service.
|
14 days
|
In absence of the acknowledgment of service, the date of which we can apply for default judgment.
|
15 days
|
If an acknowledgment of service has been filed, the deadline for the debtor to file a formal defence
|
14 days
|
The above timescales are approximations of the timescales involved for each stage. However, there are a number of factors which can impact upon timescales such as how quickly the Court can process the paperwork and whether the parties require more time for negotiation.
If the debtor files a defence to the Claim Form, then then deadlines for the additional stages are set by the court. However, it is estimated the possible timescales may apply subject to how quickly the Court can process the paperwork:-
Stage |
Timescale |
Up to and including issuing proceedings
|
4-8 weeks
|
Up to and including Costs and Case Management Conference
|
8 weeks
|
Up to including of Disclosure and Inspection
|
8 weeks
|
Up to Service of Witness Statements and Expert Reports
|
10 weeks
|
Up to and including Pre-Trial Review (PTR)
|
8 weeks
|
Up to Trial
|
8 weeks
|